南京晓庄学院学报

为了去除富营养化水体中的磷酸盐，采用聚合氯化铝(PAC)和镧对膨润土进行共改性，制备了改性膨润土吸附材料(PAC-La-B),采用扫描电镜(SEM)、全自动比表面及孔隙度分析仪(BET)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)对材料进行表征，探讨了PAC-La-B用量和模拟废水pH对磷酸盐的吸附影响，使用吸附动力学和吸附等温线分析了PAC-La-B对磷的吸附机理，并研究了PAC-La-B不同投加量对富营养化水样除磷除藻的影响。结果表明，PAC-La-B表面粗糙不平，比表面积、孔容和孔径降低，镧和铝成功负载于膨润土，具有更多吸附和反应位点。PAC-La-B投加量和废水pH影响磷酸盐吸附去除率，对磷酸盐最大吸附量为9.89 mg/g,吸附符合Langmuir等温吸附模型和准二级动力学模型，主要为单层吸附和化学吸附过程。富营养化水样中浊度、可溶性活性磷(SRP)、总磷(TP)和叶绿素a(Chl a)的去除率随PAC-La-B投加量增加而增加，当投加量为300 mg/L时，去除率分别为98.2%、87.5%、82.7%和75.5%,其中水中总磷含量从0.85 mg/L降至0.12 mg/L,低于我国《地表水环境质量标准》(GB3838-2002)Ⅲ类水的限值0.2 mg/L。PAC-La-B具有良好的除磷除藻性能，在富营养化水体修复中有较好的应用前景。

In order to remove phosphate in eutrophic water, bentonite was modified by polyaluminum chloride(PAC) and lanthanum, and the adsorption material(PAC-La-B) was obtained. The adsorbent material were characterized by SEM, BET and XRD. The influence of adsorbent dosage and pH on phosphate adsorption was discussed. The adsorption mechanism of phosphorus was described by adsorption isotherms and adsorption kinetic. And the effects of adsorbent dosage on phosphorus and algae removal in eutrophic water samples were studied. The result showed that there were rough and uneven on the surface of PAC-La-B, the specific surface area, pore volume and pore size decreased, and lanthanum and aluminum were successfully loaded on bentonite, which can provide more adsorption and reaction sites. The dosage of PAC-La-B and wastewater pH affected the removal rate of phosphate, and the maximum adsorption capacity was 9.89 mg/g. The adsorption isotherm fitted the Langmuir model well, and the adsorption kinetics agreed with the quasi-second order kinetic model, meaning a single layer adsorption and chemical adsorption process. The removal rates of turbidity, soluble reactive phosphorus(SRP), total phosphorus(TP), and chlorophyll a(Chl a) increased with PAC-La-B dosage in eutrophic water sample, and were 98.2%,87.5%,82.7%, and 75.5%, respectively when the dosage reached 300 mg/L. The content of TP decreased from 0.85 mg/L to 0.12 mg/L, which was below limit of 0.2 mg/L for the Class III water by China's Surface Water Environmental Quality Standard(GB3838-2002). This indicated PAC-La-B had good adsorption and great application prospect in the restoration of eutrophic water.